Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision01:15

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

487
Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
487
Gestalt Principles of Perception01:21

Gestalt Principles of Perception

246
Gestalt principles provide a framework for understanding how humans perceive objects as unified wholes within their context. These principles are essential in explaining the cognitive processes that make sense of complex visual stimuli by organizing them into coherent groups. One fundamental principle is proximity, which posits that objects located close to each other are perceived as a collective group. For instance, when dots are positioned near one another, the visual system interprets them...
246
Factors Affecting Perception01:25

Factors Affecting Perception

1.4K
Perception is influenced by perceptual set, context, motivation, and emotion. Perceptual set, or perceptual expectancy, refers to the tendency to perceive things in a particular way, influenced by previous experiences and expectations. This phenomenon affects the interpretation of stimuli, creating a set of mental tendencies and assumptions that impact sensory perceptions of sound, taste, touch, and sight.
An illustrative example of a perceptual set is the scenario where an airline pilot told...
1.4K
Perception01:28

Perception

413
Perception is a fundamental psychological process that enables individuals to organize, interpret, and consciously experience sensory information. This process is crucial for understanding and interacting with the world around us. It includes both bottom-up and top-down processing, each playing a distinct role in how we perceive our environment.
Bottom-up processing begins at the sensory level, where receptors detect external environmental stimuli. These could include the tactile sensation of...
413
Vision01:24

Vision

52.5K
Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
52.5K
Perceptual Constancy01:12

Perceptual Constancy

302
Perceptual constancy is the ability to recognize that objects remain consistent and unchanged even when their appearance varies due to changes in sensory input. There are four main types of perceptual constancy: size constancy, shape constancy, color constancy, and brightness constancy.
Size constancy is the recognition that an object remains the same size, even when its image on the retina changes. For instance, a bus is perceived to be large enough to carry people, even if it looks tiny from...
302

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The visual perception of outdoor angular spatial relationships.

Journal of vision·2026
Same author

Cannabis use frequency and driving safety: Associations between cannabis use frequency and driving perceptions and behaviors.

Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors·2026
Same author

The visual perception of relative mass from object collisions.

Journal of vision·2026
Same author

The identification of materials from patterns of fluid flow.

Journal of vision·2025
Same author

Visual sensitivity to irregularities in periodic tiling patterns.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Appearance and disappearance, an unrecognized form of grouping and form perception from common fate.

Scientific reports·2025
Same journal

Correction: A method for supervoxel-wise association studies of age and other non-imaging variables from coronary computed tomography angiograms.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Poly(bromophenol blue)/CoSn(OH)<sub>6</sub> cubic particles modified pencil graphite electrode for electrochemical determination of diphenhydramine.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Dietary Chlorella, Spirulina, and acidifier modulate jejunal cytokine-related gene expression in broiler chickens.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Perceived physical activity barriers in university students: associations with fatigue and eating behaviours.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Refuge limitation structures habitat use in agricultural landscapes: evidence from Sunda pangolins.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Lightweight stateless transaction verification with outsourced witness updates for UTXO blockchains.

Scientific reports·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2025

Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss
07:12

Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Published on: April 11, 2025

244

Visual outdoor space perception.

J Farley Norman1, Maria Carmichael2, Evan Hagan2

  • 1Department of Psychological Sciences, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY, 42101-2030, USA. farley.norman@wku.edu.

Scientific Reports
|April 4, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Perceptions of visual space geometry vary widely among individuals and across different spatial scales. This study found that perceived space can align with elliptic, Euclidean, or hyperbolic geometry, demonstrating no single consistent relationship.

More Related Videos

Virtual Reality Tools for Assessing Unilateral Spatial Neglect: A Novel Opportunity for Data Collection
07:04

Virtual Reality Tools for Assessing Unilateral Spatial Neglect: A Novel Opportunity for Data Collection

Published on: March 10, 2021

3.9K
Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior
09:49

Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior

Published on: April 16, 2014

24.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 16, 2025

Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss
07:12

Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Published on: April 11, 2025

244
Virtual Reality Tools for Assessing Unilateral Spatial Neglect: A Novel Opportunity for Data Collection
07:04

Virtual Reality Tools for Assessing Unilateral Spatial Neglect: A Novel Opportunity for Data Collection

Published on: March 10, 2021

3.9K
Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior
09:49

Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior

Published on: April 16, 2014

24.5K

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Geometry

Background:

  • Visual space perception research has historically focused on isolated points in darkness.
  • Previous studies on natural environments used limited observer numbers.
  • Evaluating visual space curvature often lacked diverse participant groups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the geometry of perceived visual space in a natural outdoor setting.
  • To assess if perceived space aligns with established geometric principles (elliptic, Euclidean, hyperbolic).
  • To determine the influence of spatial configuration size on visual space perception.

Main Methods:

  • A large group of 30 observers participated in the experiment.
  • Observers adjusted triangular marker configurations outdoors.
  • Judgments were made to form equilateral or right triangles in depth.

Main Results:

  • Observer judgments showed significant variability, aligning with elliptic, Euclidean, and hyperbolic geometries.
  • No single geometric model consistently described perceived visual space.
  • Perceived geometry shifted with configuration size; small scales favored elliptic/Euclidean, large scales favored hyperbolic.

Conclusions:

  • The relationship between physical and perceived space is not uniform.
  • Visual space perception geometry is dynamic and context-dependent.
  • Spatial scale significantly impacts the geometric interpretation of visual space.