Prognostic factors in pediatrics TAPVC: a 10-year retrospective study

Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) is a rare congenital heart defect where the pulmonary veins abnormally connect to the systemic venous circulation, rather than the left atrium (LA). This study retrospectively analyzed 48 children diagnosed with TAPVC from January 2014 to January 2024 to investigate how specific echocardiographic and morphological characteristics impact prognosis. Perioperative records, including echocardiography, computed tomography angiography (CTA) images, surgical details, and patient outcomes, were reviewed. Data were statistically analyzed using tools such as t-tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, χ² tests, and logistic regression. Key factors examined included age at surgery, anatomical subtype of TAPVC, presence of preoperative obstruction, surgical techniques used, and postoperative complications. By identifying the impact of these variables on survival rates and hospital recovery, the study aims to improve risk stratification and management strategies for better outcomes in children with TAPVC.