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Published on: March 16, 2019
Unveiling malaria vectors: species complex and surveillance insights from Sundergarh, Odisha, India
Taru Singh1,2, Syed Shah Areeb Hussain3, K Pradhan4
1Environmental Epidemiology Division, National Institute of Malaria Research- Indian Council of Medical Research, Dwarka Sector 8, New Delhi, 110077, India. tsingh17@amity.edu.
Background:
Malaria is one of the most infectious life-threatening vector-borne diseases affected by climate change. Because of the emerging climate change problem, it was thought prudent to identify prevalent mosquito species and find the malaria parasite's presence in field-collected mosquitoes in Odisha.
Material And Methods:
The study was undertaken at four villages in the Rourkela, Sundergarh district of Odisha, India, from January 2018 to January 2020, generating entomological and climatic data. Field-collected mosquitoes were processed, and DNA was extracted, followed by multiplex PCR for differentiation of sibling species for Anopheles culicifacies and Anopheles fluviatilis mosquitoes. Enzyme-Linked immunosorbent assay was also performed for detection of circumsporozoite proteins of Plasmodium. Sequencing was performed, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed using the neighbor-joining method.
Results:
For Anopheles culicifacies, 43.25% of mosquitoes belonged to sibling species C, followed by species B, A, and D. Similarly, for Anopheles fluviatilis, sibling species T was found in 57.5%, followed by species U and S. Sibling species were confirmed on the difference in the sequences of conserved regions of the 28S rDNA.
Conclusions:
We can conclude that sibling species C (Anopheles culicifacies) was predominant in Rourkela, and sequencing further confirmed the presence of parasites (Plasmodium vivax) in Anopheles culicifacies as sibling species C.
