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Drinking water source and mortality in US cities.

M M Morin, A R Sharrett, K R Bailey

    International Journal of Epidemiology
    |June 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Drinking surface water is linked to a slight but significant increase in all-cancer mortality risk in large US cities. This finding supports previous research on cancer and drinking water sources.

    Area of Science:

    • Environmental epidemiology
    • Public health
    • Cancer research

    Background:

    • Previous studies suggested a link between drinking water sources and cancer risk.
    • Geographical variations in cancer mortality and water supply types require further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the association between surface drinking water supplies and all-cancer mortality in large US cities.
    • To determine if the association between surface water and cancer mortality is statistically significant and consistent with prior research.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of cancer mortality data for 473 large US cities.
    • Comparison of mortality risks between cities with 100% surface water and 100% groundwater supplies.
    • Replication of findings within 11 independent geographical regions.

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    Main Results:

    • A statistically significant, albeit slight (approximately 2%), excess risk of all-cancer mortality was observed in relation to surface drinking water supplies.
    • The association was consistent across different regions, supporting the initial findings.
    • The data suggest the observed association may be specific to cancer mortality.

    Conclusions:

    • Surface drinking water is associated with a small but statistically significant increase in overall cancer mortality.
    • This association warrants further investigation, particularly for specific cancer types previously linked to surface water contaminants.
    • Public health strategies may need to consider drinking water source as a factor in cancer prevention efforts.