Does frequency analysis lead to better understanding of human event related potentials

A combined analysis procedure was used to study auditory, sensory evoked potentials (EPs) and event-related potentials (ERPs) in human subjects. Single sweep and averaged data were analysed in the time and frequency domains. Recognised peaks, seen in the averaged data, were related to specific poststimulus changes within conventional delta, theta and alpha frequency bands. The potential advantages of single sweep analysis, selective averaging and frequency domain analysis are discussed. The importance of studying prestimulus EEG activity in order to understand poststimulus changes is emphasised in relation to proposed hypotheses concerning brain dynamics and evoked response mechanisms. Specific frequency changes, elicited by target tones in auditory "odd ball" experiments, are described and contrasted to changes seen in EPs and nontarget ERPs. Our findings suggest that the P300 change of averaged data is the later consequence of poststimulus frequency changes which can be detected within the first 100 msec. The practical implications of our findings are briefly discussed.