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Targeted eDNA Metabarcoding Reveals New Populations of a Range-Limited Stonefly.

Graham A McCulloch¹, Stephen R Pohe², Shaun P Wilkinson³

¹Department of Zoology University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand.

Ecology and Evolution

|April 7, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Environmental DNA (eDNA) successfully mapped the rare Maungatua stonefly distribution. Species-specific primers revealed new populations and a divergent subclade, improving rare invertebrate conservation efforts.

Keywords:

Maungatua stonefly Plecoptera eDNA metabarcoding primer design

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Area of Science:

Conservation Biology
Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis
Molecular Ecology

Background:

Geographic distribution data is vital for rare species conservation.
Environmental DNA (eDNA) offers efficient species distribution assessment, but has primarily targeted vertebrates.
The Maungatua stonefly (Zelandoperla maungatuaensis) is a rare, flightless insect with a limited known range.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the geographic distribution of the Maungatua stonefly using freshwater eDNA.
To evaluate the effectiveness of eDNA metabarcoding for detecting rare invertebrate species.
To highlight the importance of primer specificity in eDNA surveys.

Main Methods:

Collected freshwater eDNA samples from 12 stream sites in the Maungatua range.
Screened samples using commercial eDNA COI primers and newly designed species-specific primers.
Conducted manual surveys and COI barcoding to confirm eDNA findings and assess genetic divergence.

Main Results:

Commercial primers failed to detect Z. maungatuaensis.
Species-specific primers detected the stonefly in known and two previously unknown stream locations.
Manual surveys confirmed new populations, revealing a genetically divergent subclade.

Conclusions:

eDNA metabarcoding, with appropriate primer design, can effectively delineate rare invertebrate ranges.
The study identified new populations of Z. maungatuaensis, expanding its known distribution.
Findings have implications for eDNA service providers and invertebrate conservation strategies.