Superinfected actinomycotic abscess of the liver

Isolated actinomycotic liver abscess is rare. We report a case with fulminant evolution, which was treated successfully with surgery and penicillin. In human actinomycosis, Actinomyces israeli is the main infective agent. An abdominal localisation is uncommon, occurring in less than 25% of cases. Isolated liver lesions are extremely rare; their presence might be interpreted as the result of the hematogenous spread of a no longer present intestinal lesion. The evolution of actinomycosis is usually torpid. In the present case, mixed infection with Fusobacterium nucleatum might explain the acute evolution.