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Case Report: Anti-Yo antibody mediated paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration in a patient with squamous cell lung
Chen-Hao Yang1, Yan Xu2, Si-Yuan Fan3
1Department of Internal Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Abstract:
Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) is a heterogeneous group of neurologic syndromes associated with primary tumors. It is postulated that the immune system targets a tumor antigen that is also expressed endogenously in the nervous system. The majority of these patients are diagnosed with breast cancer or gynecological cancer, while it is exceedingly rare in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) patients. Here we reported a rare case of anti-Yo antibody-positive PCD in a patient with LUSC and got successfully treated via immunotherapy and oncological treatment. The patient's ataxia symptoms alleviated following the administered treatments, suggesting that early immunotherapeutic intervention may have potential value in mitigating neurological deterioration. Furthermore, active and timely management of the primary carcinoma is crucial.
Insights
Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) is rare in lung cancer. Early immunotherapy and cancer treatment improved ataxia symptoms in a lung squamous cell carcinoma patient with anti-Yo antibodies.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Oncology
- Immunology
Background:
- Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) is a rare neurological disorder linked to cancer.
- It typically involves an autoimmune response targeting tumor antigens shared with nervous system tissues.
- PCD is most commonly associated with breast and gynecological cancers.
Observation:
- A patient with lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) presented with anti-Yo antibody-positive PCD.
- This presentation is exceptionally rare, as PCD is seldom seen in LUSC.
Findings:
- The patient received combined immunotherapy and oncological treatment for LUSC.
- Successful treatment led to significant alleviation of ataxia symptoms.
Implications:
- This case highlights the potential of early immunotherapy in managing neurological decline in rare PCD cases.
- Prompt diagnosis and management of the primary LUSC are critical for patient outcomes.
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