Analysis of Sleep Quality Evaluation Factors Affecting Dry Eye Syndrome

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between sleep quality and dry eye syndrome, with a specific focus on identifying the sleep-related factors that increase the risk of developing dry eye syndrome.

We utilized the PSQI-K (Korean version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) and MQ (McMonnies Dry Eye Questionnaire) to assess sleep quality and dry eye syndrome in 221 participants. The seven subfactors of sleep measured were subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbance, use of sleep medication, and daytime dysfunction.

There was a significant correlation between poor sleep quality and higher scores of dry eye syndrome. Factors such as lower subjective sleep quality, longer sleep latency, shorter sleep duration, frequent sleep interruptions, and increased daytime dysfunction were associated with worse dry eye scores. The primary disruptors of sleep included sleep fragmentation and unsuitable thermal environments during sleep.

Sleep disruptions, particularly those caused by modern lifestyle factors such as excessive use of digital devices and mental health issues like depression, anxiety, and stress, significantly contribute to the likelihood of developing dry eye syndrome. Addressing these sleep-disrupting factors through comprehensive management of sleep habits and mental health is crucial for preventing dry eye syndrome. Even in individuals not currently classified with dry eye syndrome, preemptive management of identified risk factors is recommended to mitigate potential future onset.