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Updated: May 15, 2025

Digital Home-Monitoring of Patients after Kidney Transplantation: The MACCS Platform

Digital Home-Monitoring of Patients after Kidney Transplantation: The MACCS Platform

Published on: April 12, 2021

Ambulance Service Utilization by Kidney Transplant Recipients.

Kaveh Masoumi-Ravandi¹, Amanda Vinson¹, Aran Thanamayooran¹

¹Division of Nephrology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.

Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease

|April 7, 2025

Summary

Kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) frequently use ambulances for emergency department (ED) visits. Female sex, diabetes-related kidney failure, and older donor age predict ambulance use, but it did not increase short-term mortality risk.

Keywords:

ambulances emergency service hospital kidney transplants

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Published on: February 21, 2016

Area of Science:

Nephrology
Transplantation Medicine
Emergency Medicine

Background:

Kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) have higher emergency department (ED) utilization than the general population.
Characteristics and outcomes of KTRs requiring ambulance transport to the ED are not well understood.
Ambulance use represents a significant healthcare burden for KTRs.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify predictors of ambulance transport to the ED (ambulance-ED) in KTRs.
To evaluate the impact of ambulance-ED events on graft failure and mortality.
To inform targeted follow-up strategies for high-risk KTR subgroups.

Main Methods:

Retrospective cohort study of adult KTRs from 2008-2020 in Nova Scotia, Canada.
Ambulance-ED events were identified using electronic health records, excluding interfacility transfers.
Multivariable regression models analyzed predictors of ambulance-ED and Cox survival analysis assessed outcomes.

Main Results:

179 out of 418 KTRs (42.8%) experienced at least one ambulance-ED event.
Predictors included female sex (IRR=1.60), diabetes-related kidney failure (IRR=2.52), and donor age ≥45 years (IRR=1.50).
No significant increase in death or graft failure risk was observed within 30 days post-discharge for patients with ambulance-ED (HR=1.31).

Conclusions:

Ambulance use is common among KTRs, indicating a substantial need for emergency care.
Specific patient and donor factors predict ambulance-ED utilization.
While ambulance-ED events did not elevate short-term mortality risk, they highlight the need for optimized post-transplant care for vulnerable KTRs.