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Ultrahigh-Responsivity Near-Infrared Printed Photodetectors Based on Megasonically Processed RuCl3 Nanosheets.

Lidia Kuo1, Alessandro Pereyra1, Siyang Li1

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.

Nano Letters
|April 7, 2025
PubMed
Summary

We developed printed near-infrared (NIR) photodetectors using electron-doped ruthenium trichloride (α-RuCl3) nanosheets. This novel two-step intercalation and aerosol-jet printing method significantly enhances NIR photoresponse for scalable device applications.

Keywords:
2D materialsmegasonic exfoliationphotodetectorprinted electronicsruthenium trichloride

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Optoelectronics

Background:

  • Ruthenium trichloride (α-RuCl3) is a 2D transition metal halide with tunable optoelectronic properties.
  • Electron-doping can modify electronic structure and enhance near-infrared (NIR) absorption.
  • Scalable manufacturing of printed optoelectronic devices from α-RuCl3 remains challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate fully aerosol-jet-printed (AJP) NIR photodetectors based on α-RuCl3 nanosheets.
  • To enhance NIR photoresponse through a two-stage intercalative electron-doping process.
  • To explore the role of intercalant size in controlling the doping degree and device performance.

Main Methods:

  • Megasonic processing of α-RuCl3 nanosheets.
  • Two-stage intercalative electron-doping: primary electrochemical intercalation with quaternary ammonium bromides, followed by secondary intercalation with polyvinylpyrrolidone during exfoliation.
  • Fabrication of photodetectors using aerosol-jet printing (AJP).

Main Results:

  • Achieved fully printed NIR photodetectors using processed α-RuCl3 nanosheets.
  • Demonstrated enhanced NIR photoresponse via two-step intercalative electron-doping.
  • Reported a responsivity of 244 mA/W at 1550 nm, exceeding previous reports by over an order of magnitude.

Conclusions:

  • The combination of two-step intercalative doping and megasonic processing enables high-performance printed optoelectronic devices.
  • Aerosol-jet printing is a viable technique for scalable manufacturing of NIR photodetectors based on modified 2D materials.
  • This work presents a significant advancement in printed NIR photodetector technology.