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Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2025

Comprehensive DNA Methylation Analysis Using a Methyl-CpG-binding Domain Capture-based Method in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients

Comprehensive DNA Methylation Analysis Using a Methyl-CpG-binding Domain Capture-based Method in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients

Published on: June 16, 2017

Subtyping Burkitt Lymphoma by DNA Methylation.

Selina Glaser¹, Rabea Wagener^1,2, Helene Kretzmer^3,4

¹Institute of Human Genetics, Ulm University and Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany.

Genes, Chromosomes & Cancer

|April 7, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status, not traditional variants, defines Burkitt lymphoma (BL) subgroups based on DNA methylation. EBV-positive BL shows distinct epigenetic patterns and gene regulation compared to EBV-negative BL.

Keywords:

Africa Burkitt lymphoma DNA methylation Epstein–Barr virus immunodeficiency

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Last Updated: May 17, 2025

Comprehensive DNA Methylation Analysis Using a Methyl-CpG-binding Domain Capture-based Method in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients

Comprehensive DNA Methylation Analysis Using a Methyl-CpG-binding Domain Capture-based Method in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients

Published on: June 16, 2017

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Published on: February 24, 2015

Methyl-binding DNA capture Sequencing for Patient Tissues

Methyl-binding DNA capture Sequencing for Patient Tissues

Published on: October 31, 2016

Area of Science:

Oncology
Epigenetics
Virology

Background:

Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is an aggressive B-cell malignancy with historically defined variants.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positivity frequency differs across BL variants.
Understanding BL heterogeneity is crucial for targeted therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify subgroups of Burkitt lymphoma based on DNA methylation patterns.
To investigate the influence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status on DNA methylation profiles.
To correlate methylation subgroups with clinical and molecular features.

Main Methods:

DNA methylation profiling of 96 BL cases, 17 BL cell lines, and 6 EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines using Illumina BeadChip arrays.
Clustering analysis to identify methylation-based subgroups.
Analysis of CpG methylation patterns, epigenetic age, and gene regulatory elements.

Main Results:

Four distinct DNA methylation subgroups were identified: two predominantly EBV-positive (BL-mC1, BL-mC2) and two predominantly EBV-negative (BL-mC3, BL-mC4).
EBV-positive subgroups exhibited increased DNA methylation and epigenetic age.
Hypermethylated CpGs in EBV-positive BL were associated with Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 marks, while hypomethylated CpGs in EBV-negative BL linked to B-cell receptor signaling.
EBV-associated hypermethylation impacted regulatory regions of key BL-mutated genes (e.g., CCND3, TP53) and superenhancers.

Conclusions:

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status is the primary driver of DNA methylation-based subgrouping in Burkitt lymphoma.
DNA methylation patterns reveal distinct epigenetic landscapes associated with EBV positivity.
These findings suggest EBV-driven hypermethylation may influence oncogenic pathways and compensate for lower mutational burden in EBV-positive BL.