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A multi-channel interferometer now measures electron density profiles on the versatile experiment spherical torus. This upgrade enhances plasma diagnostics by providing detailed, real-time data for fusion research.

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Area of Science:

  • Plasma Physics
  • Fusion Energy Research
  • Diagnostic Instrumentation

Background:

  • The versatile experiment spherical torus (VEST) requires advanced diagnostics for plasma characterization.
  • Electron density measurements are crucial for understanding plasma behavior and confinement in fusion devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To upgrade the existing 94 GHz single-channel interferometer into a multi-channel system.
  • To enable precise electron density profile measurements within the VEST plasma.

Main Methods:

  • Implemented a five-channel heterodyne interferometer using Gaussian beam optics.
  • Optimized the optical system with CODE V software based on Gaussian beam approximation.
  • Verified system performance through single-channel tests and comparison with a V-band interferometer.
  • Acquired multi-channel data and validated against 1 kHz Thomson scattering measurements.

Main Results:

  • Successfully upgraded the interferometer to a multi-channel configuration.
  • Achieved vertical electron density profile measurements with 75 mm spacing.
  • Demonstrated good agreement between interferometer data and Thomson scattering measurements.

Conclusions:

  • The upgraded multi-channel interferometer is a reliable tool for electron density profile measurements in VEST.
  • This advancement improves plasma diagnostic capabilities for fusion energy research.