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Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2025

Imaging and Quantification of the Area of Fast-Moving Microbubbles Using a High-Speed Camera and Image Analysis

Imaging and Quantification of the Area of Fast-Moving Microbubbles Using a High-Speed Camera and Image Analysis

Published on: September 5, 2020

MR-Cavitation Dynamics Encoded (MR-CaDE) imaging.

Dinank Gupta¹, Tarana P Kaovasia¹, Steven P Allen²

¹Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine

|April 8, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed MR-Cavitation Dynamics Encoded (MR-CaDE) imaging to monitor histotripsy brain treatments. The new method successfully tracked cavitation events, showing its feasibility for real-time therapeutic guidance.

Keywords:

brain cavitation focused ultrasound gradient echo histotripsy

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Last Updated: May 15, 2025

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Published on: September 5, 2020

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Published on: May 24, 2021

Area of Science:

Medical Imaging
Neurosurgery
Acoustic Physics

Background:

Histotripsy is a non-invasive mechanical ablation technique using focused ultrasound.
Monitoring cavitation dynamics is crucial for optimizing histotripsy treatments.
Existing methods lack the real-time feedback needed for precise brain interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate MR-Cavitation Dynamics Encoded (MR-CaDE) imaging for dynamic cavitation monitoring.
To assess the feasibility of MR-CaDE for real-time histotripsy treatment monitoring in the brain.
To test the technique in an ex-vivo human brain model within a clinical MRI scanner.

Main Methods:

Modified a Gradient Echo (GRE) pulse sequence with bipolar gradients to create MR-CaDE imaging.
Monitored histotripsy-induced cavitation in ex-vivo bovine brain tissue using MR-CaDE on a 3T MRI scanner.
Utilized a 0.5s temporal resolution with a spiral readout and synchronized MR acquisition with histotripsy pulses.

Main Results:

MR-CaDE successfully visualized cavitation dynamics, showing decreased image magnitude and increased phase with increasing sonications.
Observed a peak magnitude loss of 50% and a maximum phase increase of 0.64rad.
Post-histotripsy lesions showed good alignment with MR-CaDE signal changes, with minimal spatial error.

Conclusions:

Demonstrated the feasibility of the MR-CaDE pulse sequence for monitoring cavitation.
The developed method shows promise for real-time feedback during histotripsy treatments in the brain.
MR-CaDE enables dynamic cavitation monitoring, enhancing precision in ultrasound-guided neurosurgery.