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Age Differences in Brain Functional Connectivity Underlying Proactive Interference in Working Memory.

P Andersson1, M G S Schrooten2, J Persson1,3

  • 1Center for Life-Span Developmental Research (LEADER), School of Behavioral, Social and Legal Sciences, Örebro University, Sweden.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

As people age, their ability to resolve proactive interference in working memory (WM) declines, linked to changes in brain connectivity. These age-related differences in WM and resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) patterns are significant.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • Aging commonly leads to working memory (WM) decline, impacting cognitive control.
  • Reduced ability to resolve proactive interference (PI) is a key factor in age-related WM impairment.
  • The relationship between PI in WM and resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) across the adult lifespan is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between proactive interference (PI) in working memory (WM) and resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC).
  • To examine cross-sectional and longitudinal changes in this association across the adult lifespan.
  • To explore age-related differences in brain connectivity patterns related to WM control.

Main Methods:

  • Employed seed-based and data-driven approaches to analyze rsFC.
  • Investigated associations cross-sectionally (n=237) and longitudinally (n=134) across the adult lifespan.
  • Utilized whole-brain multivariate pattern analyses to identify age-differential connectivity patterns.

Main Results:

  • PI in WM was associated with distinct inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) rsFC patterns in younger/middle-aged versus older adults.
  • Older adults showed stronger IFG-vermis and weaker IFG-caudate connectivity with increased PI.
  • Longitudinal data revealed reduced IFG-insula and IFG-anterior cingulate cortex connectivity associated with impaired PI control in older adults.

Conclusions:

  • Resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) is significantly associated with the ability to control proactive interference (PI) in working memory (WM).
  • These associations are modulated by age, with distinct patterns observed in younger/middle-aged and older adults.
  • Findings suggest age-related changes in brain connectivity underlie declines in WM control and PI resolution.