Role of Glycerophospholipid Metabolism in Epilepsy

Epilepsy is a prevalent and severe neurological condition characterized by recurring seizures. It impacts over 70 million individuals worldwide, posing a substantial challenge to public health and placing a heavy burden on society. Glycerophospholipids are an essential component of neuronal cell membranes. Their metabolism is strictly regulated, and maintaining their homeostasis is crucial for the optimal function of the nervous system. Research indicates that disruptions in glycerophospholipid metabolism are commonly detected in patients with epilepsy and animal models. However, the precise molecular mechanisms behind these disruptions remain unclear. Existing evidence indicates that neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, genetic mutations, and ion channel dysfunction are crucial factors contributing to glycerophospholipids imbalance and epilepsy. Further, therapeutic interventions targeting these pathological processes, such as regulating neuroinflammation and oxidative stress or restoring the balance of glycerophospholipid metabolism, may provide new avenues for epilepsy treatment. This review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the potential mechanisms underlying the relationship between glycerophospholipid metabolism disorders and epilepsy, exploring potential therapeutic targets and diagnostic biomarkers.