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Related Concept Videos

Electroconvulsive Therapy01:30

Electroconvulsive Therapy

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Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or shock therapy, remains a critical biomedical intervention for severe, treatment-resistant depression. While its origins can be traced back to Hippocrates' observations that malaria-induced convulsions alleviated mental illness, modern ECT has evolved significantly from its earlier, more primitive applications. First introduced in 1938 by Ugo Cerletti and his colleagues, ECT involves inducing controlled seizures using electrical currents. In its early...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2025

Electroconvulsive Seizures in Rats and Fractionation of Their Hippocampi to Examine Seizure-induced Changes in Postsynaptic Density Proteins
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Hippocampal microstructural changes following electroconvulsive therapy in severe depression.

A Le Berre1,2, D Attali3,4, I Uszynski5

  • 1Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Ima-Brain team, 75014, Paris, France. alice.le_berre@ghu-paris.fr.

Molecular Psychiatry
|April 8, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) increases hippocampal volume, indicating neuroplasticity. Advanced MRI techniques like Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging (NODDI) reveal changes in brain structure following ECT treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neuroplasticity
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective treatment for severe depression.
  • ECT is known to induce hippocampal volume increases, suggesting neuroplasticity.
  • Non-invasive in vivo markers of ECT-induced neuroplasticity are needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate in vivo hippocampal neuroplasticity following ECT using Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging (NODDI).
  • To correlate neuroimaging findings with clinical response to ECT.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal MRI study of 43 depressed patients undergoing ECT and 24 controls.
  • Multi-shell diffusion MRI and 3DT1-weighted imaging acquired at baseline, mid-treatment, and post-treatment.
  • Analysis using Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI), Q-ball modeling, and NODDI to assess microstructural properties (e.g., NDI, ODI, FA, MD).
  • Hippocampal and subfield volumetry performed using FreeSurfer.

Main Results:

  • ECT induced significant bilateral hippocampal volume increases.
  • Patients showed distinct diffusion profiles (higher FA, lower GFA/ODI) compared to controls.
  • Post-ECT, decreased GFA, FA, AD, MD, and Fiso, alongside increased ODI and NDI were observed.
  • NDI and Fiso changes were localized to the dentate gyrus.
  • ECT responders exhibited greater right hippocampal volume increase at mid-treatment.

Conclusions:

  • ECT-induced hippocampal volume increases are associated with significant microstructural changes detectable by NODDI.
  • These findings provide in vivo evidence of ECT-related hippocampal neuroplasticity, particularly within the dentate gyrus.
  • NODDI parameters offer potential biomarkers for treatment response and neuroplasticity in ECT.