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Empathy and psychoanalytic technique.

S T Levy

    Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association
    |January 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This review explores psychoanalytic contributions to empathy, differentiating it from sympathy and pity. Empathy describes the analyst's emotional relatedness, not a specific technique.

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    Area of Science:

    • Psychoanalytic Theory
    • Psychology
    • Psychotherapy

    Background:

    • Empathy is broadly understood as sharing another's experience.
    • Psychoanalytic theory offers nuanced perspectives on empathy within the analytic setting.
    • Distinguishing empathy from sympathy and pity highlights its value-neutral characteristic.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review major psychoanalytic contributions to understanding empathy.
    • To examine the relationship between empathy, identification, and analytic comprehension.
    • To critically evaluate Kohut's work on empathy within the broader psychoanalytic context.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of psychoanalytic contributions to empathy.
    • Analysis of the interrelations between empathy, identification, and countertransference.

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  • Critical examination of themes in empathy development and Kohut's theories.
  • Main Results:

    • Empathy in psychoanalysis describes the analyst's sensitive, experience-near emotional relatedness to the patient.
    • Psychoanalytic empathy is distinct from sympathy and pity, emphasizing a noncritical stance.
    • Kohut's work expanded upon earlier psychoanalytic concepts of empathy.

    Conclusions:

    • Empathy serves as a descriptive term for the analyst's emotional connection, not a specific technical intervention.
    • The generality of the term 'empathy' limits its use as a singular clinical or developmental construct.
    • Understanding empathy's role is crucial for effective psychoanalytic technique and patient-analyst relationships.