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Quantification of Heavy Metals and Other Inorganic Contaminants on the Productivity of Microalgae
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Advanced Nanoenabled Microalgae Systems: Integrating Oxidative Stress-Induced Metabolic Reprogramming and Enhanced
Luis Pablo Salmeron Covarrubias1, Kavitha Beluri2, Yasaman Mohammadi3
1Department of Earth, Environmental and Resource Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States.
ACS Applied Bio Materials
|April 9, 2025
Summary
Zinc oxide nanoparticles boost lipid accumulation in Chlorella vulgaris for biofuel production. Moderate concentrations enhance lipid content and biomass, but high doses cause stress and reduce yield.
Area of Science:
- Biotechnology
- Nanotechnology
- Renewable Energy
Background:
- Microalgae like Chlorella vulgaris are key feedstocks for sustainable biofuels.
- Nanotechnology offers novel approaches to optimize microalgal biofuel production.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on Chlorella vulgaris.
- To assess effects on lipid biosynthesis, oxidative stress, biomass productivity, and pigment retention.
Main Methods:
- Utilized scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal microscopy, EDS, and XPS to study NP-algae interactions.
- Quantified lipid content, biomass, pigment retention, and catalase (CAT) activity.
- Developed a Biofuel Suitability Score (BSS) model.
Main Results:
- ZnO NPs at 50 mg/L enhanced lipid accumulation to 48%.
- Moderate NP doses (20-50 mg/L) maintained biomass and pigment content.
- High NP concentration (100 mg/L) reduced photosynthetic efficiency and lipid yield.
Conclusions:
- ZnO NPs can enhance microalgal lipid production through controlled stress induction.
- Optimal NP concentrations are crucial for maximizing biofuel potential.
- This research provides a framework for nanotechnology integration in sustainable bioenergy.
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