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Blood pressure impact of dietary practices using the DASH method: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Nur Isnaini1,2, Fatwa Sari Tetra Dewi3, Ema Madyaningrum4
1Departement of Medical Surgical Nursing, Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto, Central Java, Indonesia.
Background:
In order to ascertain the impact of the Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet on blood pressure (BP), a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials were carried out. DASH is advised for lowering BP.
Methods:
Scopus databases were searched from the beginning of 2024. A total of 579 articles from 2019 to 2023 from PubMed: 15, Scopus: 164 and Crossref: 400. There were 8 articles included in the meta-analysis.
Results:
Systolic BP (1.29 mmHg to 4.6 mmHg, 95% CI, -2.17, -0.41; P < 0.005) and diastolic BP (0.76 mmHg to 1.1 mmHg, 95% CI, -1.39, -0.13; P < 0.005) were found to be significantly reduced by the DASH diet, while total cholesterol concentrations (5.2 mmol/L; P < 0.005), low-density lipoprotein (8.2 mmol/L; P = 0.03), and high-density lipoprotein increased by 8.2% (P < 0.005) were lowered by 0.9 points.
Conclusions:
When followed consistently, the DASH diet can reduce BP's systolic and diastolic readings.
Trial Registration:
PROSPERO Identifier: CRD42023494005.
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Monitoring Both Arms:
Monitoring BP in both arms during the initial assessment is advisable, as the systolic value may differ by five to ten mm Hg between arms. For subsequent BP assessments, use the arm with the higher reading.