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Updated: May 15, 2025

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Affective bias predicts changes in depression during deep brain stimulation therapy.

Brian Cui1, Madaline M Mocchi1, Brian A Metzger1

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
|April 9, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) improved mood in treatment-resistant depression by reducing negative interpretation bias. An affective bias task effectively measured these mood changes, offering a reliable alternative to subjective assessments.

Keywords:
affective biasdeep brain stimulationfacial emotionmood proxysubcallosal cingulatetreatment-resistant depressionventral capsule striatum

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Computational Psychiatry

Background:

  • Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a potential treatment for refractory depression.
  • Current mood assessments for DBS efficacy are limited by subjectivity.
  • Individuals with depression often exhibit a negative interpretation bias.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate an affective bias task as a reliable measure of mood changes during DBS therapy.
  • To assess the utility of an affective bias task in treatment-resistant depression patients undergoing DBS.
  • To correlate affective bias scores with depression severity.

Main Methods:

  • Two cohorts of treatment-resistant depression patients undergoing DBS completed an affective bias task.
  • Facial expression stimuli were used to assess affective bias before and after DBS.
  • Linear mixed-effects modeling analyzed bias score changes and correlation with HDRS-17 scores.

Main Results:

  • Affective bias scores significantly improved post-DBS, approaching those of controls.
  • Negative affective bias decreased, particularly for positive valence stimuli.
  • More negative bias scores correlated with higher depression severity (HDRS-17).

Conclusions:

  • The affective bias task provides a standardized, objective measure of mood changes during DBS.
  • This task can potentially monitor mood and evaluate DBS candidacy in refractory depression.
  • Findings suggest affective bias is a sensitive indicator of treatment response in depression.