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Intestinal Form of Human Coronavirus 229E Plays No Role in Peritoneal Sclerosis Pathology in Dialysis Patients
1Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.
Abstract:
Infectious peritonitis is found to be a leading factor in the development of viral peritonitis (VP) and encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) treatment. Bacterial and fungal infections are a major cause of peritonitis in PD patients. Viral infections have rarely been reported in association with peritonitis in PD patients; about 20% of cases are fungal and bacterial culture-negative (so-called sterile peritonitis). Several possible viral causes are reported to cause peritonitis, Coronaviruses are an important virus group that has been found to cause peritonitis in animals (cats), although in human beings these viruses have not been reported to associate with peritonitis. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the intestinal form of Human 229E coronavirus plays a role in peritonitis and EPS for several peritoneal fluid samples collected from patients with confirmed EPS. Thirty-seven peritoneal fluid samples from 12 patients with histologically confirmed EPS from Manchester University Hospitals were extracted using QIAamp RNA Mini Kit to purify viral RNA. The purified RNA was reverse transcribed and tested using a pan-coronavirus PCR designed to pick up all known human and animal coronaviruses. None of the peritoneal fluid samples was positive, suggesting that active coronavirus infection is not associated with the development of VP in dialysis patients.
Insights
This study investigated Human 229E coronavirus in peritoneal dialysis patients with encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis. No evidence of active coronavirus infection was found, suggesting it does not cause viral peritonitis or EPS in these patients.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Virology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Infectious peritonitis is a significant complication in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, leading to viral peritonitis (VP) and encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS).
- While bacterial and fungal infections are common causes of peritonitis in PD, viral causes are rarely reported, with some cases being culture-negative sterile peritonitis.
- Coronaviruses are known to cause peritonitis in animals, but their role in human PD-associated peritonitis and EPS remains uninvestigated.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if the intestinal form of Human 229E coronavirus is associated with the development of peritonitis and EPS in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis.
- To investigate the presence of coronavirus in peritoneal fluid samples from patients with confirmed EPS.
Main Methods:
- Thirty-seven peritoneal fluid samples were collected from 12 patients with histologically confirmed EPS.
- Viral RNA was extracted using the QIAamp RNA Mini Kit.
- Reverse transcription and pan-coronavirus PCR were performed to detect known human and animal coronaviruses.
Main Results:
- None of the 37 peritoneal fluid samples tested positive for coronavirus.
- The study found no detectable viral RNA from any coronavirus group in the samples.
Conclusions:
- Active coronavirus infection is not associated with the development of viral peritonitis (VP) or encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis.
- These findings exclude Human 229E coronavirus as a causative agent for VP and EPS in this patient cohort.
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