Recent developments in cystic fibrosis drug discovery: where are we today?

The advent of variant-specific disease-modifying drugs into clinical practice has provided remarkable benefits for people with cystic fibrosis (PwCF), a multi-organ life-limiting inherited disease. However, further efforts are needed to maximize therapeutic benefits as well as to increase the number of PwCF taking CFTR modulators.

The authors discuss some of the key limitations of the currently available CFTR modulator therapies (e.g. adverse reactions) and strategies in development to increase the number of available therapeutics for CF. These include novel methods to accelerate theratyping and identification of novel small molecules and cellular targets representing alternative or complementary therapies for CF.

While the CF therapy development pipeline continues to grow, there is a critical need to optimize strategies that will accelerate testing and approval of effective therapies for (ultra)rare CFTR variants as traditional assays and trials are not suitable to address such issues. Another major barrier that needs to be solved is the restricted access to currently available modulator therapies, which remains a significant burden for PwCF who are from racial and ethnic minorities and/or living in underprivileged regions.