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Fluorescent Orthodontic Adhesive With APTES-Modified ZnO Quantum Dots: Bond Strength, Cytocompatibility, and Clinical
Jiarong Yan1, Heng Sun1, Zongshuai Liu1
1State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Introduction:
To develop a fluorescent adhesive by incorporating 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES)-modified ZnO quantum dots (A-ZnOQDs) and to evaluate its bond strength, rheological properties, cytocompatibility, and removal performance.
Methods:
ZnOQDs were modified with APTES and blended with commercial orthodontic adhesive to construct the fluorescent adhesive, which was divided into four groups (0, 2, 4, and 6 wt.%). Shear bond strength (SBS) was measured with a universal testing machine. Rheological properties were evaluated through a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) test. Cytocompatibility was assessed with a CCK-8 kit. Bracket bonding and debonding procedures were performed on a head simulator. Adhesive removal effectiveness during bonding and debonding procedures was assessed.
Results:
There was no significant difference in SBS among four groups (0%: 10.06 ± 4.81 MPa, 2%: 8.98 ± 3.70 MPa, 4%: 10.88 ± 5.12 MPa, 6%: 8.09 ± 3.43 MPa, p > 0.05). DSR displayed that the rheological curves of group-2% and group-4% were close to that of group-0%. CCK-8 assay indicated cell vitality did not differ among group-0%, group-2%, and group-4% (p > 0.05). Group-4% showed less excess adhesive area (0%: 1.81 ± 1.58 mm2, 4%: 0.95 ± 1.33 mm2, p = 0.0465), less remnant adhesive area (0%: 0.73 ± 0.79 mm2, 4%: 0.07 ± 0.21 mm2, p = 0.0002), more time taken in removing excess adhesive (0%: 40.76 ± 6.44 s, 4%: 47.19 ± 8.40 s, p = 0.0046), and similar time taken in removing remnant adhesive (0%: 40.04 ± 10.05 s, 4%: 43.54 ± 10.18 s, p = 0.2365).
Conclusions:
Fluorescent orthodontic adhesive containing 4 wt.% of A-ZnOQDs with reliable SBS, rheological properties, and cytocompatibility was successfully constructed, with proof that it can be recognised and removed efficiently.
