Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 15, 2025

Measuring Carbon Content in Airway Macrophages Exposed to Carbon-Containing Particulate Matters
Published on: July 12, 2024
Long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 and its components associated with hyperuricemia: Evidence from a rural cohort
Jian Zhang1, Huanxiang Zhang1, Jia Qiu1
1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
Background:
Current research lacks the association of PM2.5 and its components exposure with hyperuricemia (HUA). This study aimed to explore the association of PM2.5 and its components with HUA and to identify harmful components as well as susceptible populations.
Methods:
A total of 22,765 participants were derived from the Henan rural cohort. PM2.5 and its components data were obtained from the Tracking Air Pollution (TAP) dataset in China. Generalized linear models (GLM) were utilized to evaluate the association between PM2.5 and its components with HUA. Restricted cubic splines were employed to explore the dose-response relationship. Additionally, the weighted quantile sum (WQS) method was used to assess the joint effect of PM2.5 components and their relative contribution to HUA.
Results:
After adjusting for confounders, the odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) for per standard deviation (SD) increase in PM2.5, black carbon (BC), nitrate (NO3-), sulfate (SO42-), ammonium (NH4+), and organic matter (OM) were 1.81 (1.43, 2.30), 1.69 (1.38, 2.07), 1.70 (1.39, 2.08), 1.73 (1.40, 2.14), 1.67 (1.38, 2.04), and 1.58 (1.30, 1.92), respectively. Joint exposure to the five major chemical components also showed a positive association with the risk of HUA [1.09 (1.04, 1.15)], with NO3- contributing most significantly to the combined effect of the pollutant mixture. Additionally, exposure to PM2.5 and its components showed a nonlinear dose-response relationship with HUA (P nonlinear < 0.05). Stratified analysis indicated that men may be more susceptible to the effects of environmental PM2.5 and BC.
Conclusion:
PM2.5 and its components increased the risk of HUA, with NO3- being the primary contributor, and men were more susceptible to the effects of PM2.5 and BC. The findings suggests that reducing PM2.5 levels could bring significant public health benefits.
Related Concept Videos
Types of Toxins
Air pollutants, primarily gases, pose significant threats to respiratory health, leading to conditions like hypoxia, lung cancer, and in extreme cases, death.
Environmental pollutants like...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Smoking is a primary risk factor for COPD, with over 80% of patients having a history of it. Patients typically experience progressive dyspnea or labored breathing, frequent coughing, and recurrent pulmonary infections. Many eventually succumb to respiratory failure, characterized by...
Asthma-I: Introduction
Biological Effects of Radiation

