The Effect of Osseodensification on Implant Stability and Marginal Bone Levels: A Randomized Control Clinical Trial

Area of Science:

• Dental Implantology
• Biomaterials Science
• Surgical Techniques

Background:

• Dental implant stability is crucial for successful osseointegration.
• Osseodensification drills offer a potential alternative to conventional drilling for implant site preparation.
• Evaluating implant stability and marginal bone levels is essential for assessing treatment outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare implant stability quotient (ISQ) values between implant-specific drills (CD) and osseodensification drills (OD).
• To assess the effect of both drilling techniques on marginal bone levels at different time points.
• To determine the long-term efficacy of osseodensification in dental implantology.

Main Methods:

• A comparative study involving 38 subjects receiving dental implants.
• Implant stability was measured using the implant stability quotient (ISQ) at three time points: immediately post-surgery (T1), 3 months (T2), and 4-5 months (T3).
• Marginal bone levels were evaluated radiographically and clinically at the same time points.

Main Results:

• Implants placed with conventional drills (CD) showed significantly higher ISQ values at 3 months (T2) compared to osseodensification drills (OD).
• No statistically significant differences in ISQ values were observed between the CD and OD groups at placement (T1) or at 4-5 months (T3).
• Marginal bone levels remained comparable between the two drilling techniques across all measurement periods.

Conclusions:

• Both conventional and osseodensification drilling techniques lead to a notable increase in implant stability over time.
• While conventional drills demonstrated superior initial stability at 3 months, this difference was not clinically significant at later time points.
• Osseodensification drills are a viable alternative, showing comparable long-term implant stability and marginal bone levels to conventional methods.