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Type A behavior, age, and psychological well-being.

M J Strube, J M Berry, B K Goza

    Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
    |July 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Type A personality traits are linked to higher well-being in younger adults, while Type B traits correlate with greater psychological well-being in older adults. Physical health and social factors also influence these differences.

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    Area of Science:

    • Psychology
    • Gerontology
    • Health Psychology

    Background:

    • The study examines psychological well-being in relation to Type A and Type B personality profiles across different age groups.
    • Investigates how lifestyle characteristics associated with Type A (achievement-oriented) and Type B (relaxed) personalities impact well-being over the lifespan.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To test the hypothesis that Type A behavior is adaptive for younger individuals but detrimental to well-being in older age.
    • To explore if Type B behavior becomes more advantageous for psychological well-being in later life.
    • To identify mediating factors such as physical health and social network characteristics.

    Main Methods:

    • Cross-sectional study design comparing psychological well-being across age groups and personality types (Type A vs. Type B).
    • Assessment of psychological well-being, physical well-being, life event experiences, and social network structure and function.
    • Statistical analysis to determine the relationship between personality, age, and well-being, and to explore mediating variables.

    Main Results:

    • Results confirmed the hypothesis: Type A individuals reported higher well-being in younger age groups, while Type B individuals showed greater well-being in older age groups.
    • Psychological well-being differences between Type A and Type B individuals were partially mediated by physical well-being.
    • Life event experiences and social network characteristics were also found to contribute to variations in well-being.

    Conclusions:

    • The adaptive nature of Type A and Type B personality traits for psychological well-being appears to be age-dependent.
    • Physical health and social integration play significant roles in mediating the relationship between personality type and overall well-being across the lifespan.
    • Interventions aimed at enhancing well-being may need to consider personality type and age-related factors, including physical and social health.

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