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Updated: May 15, 2025

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Exploring the Link Between Traumatic Brain Injury and Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo.

Melissa Castillo-Bustamante1,2, Bernardo F Ramos3, Susan Whitney4

  • 1Otolaryngology, Clinica Universitaria Bolivariana, Medellín, COL.

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|April 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) following traumatic brain injury (TBI) is common and often more difficult to treat. Early diagnosis and management of post-traumatic BPPV are key to reducing patient disability.

Keywords:
benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (bppv)otolithic organspost-traumatic vertigotraumatic brain injury (tbi)vestibular disordersvestibular rehabilitation

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Otolaryngology
  • Vestibular Science

Background:

  • Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a leading peripheral vestibular disorder.
  • Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is frequently linked to vestibular dysfunction.
  • Post-traumatic BPPV is increasingly recognized following head trauma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, and treatment of BPPV secondary to TBI.
  • To highlight the challenges and importance of managing post-traumatic BPPV.
  • To emphasize a multidisciplinary approach for optimizing rehabilitation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on BPPV and TBI.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data.
  • Synthesis of current understanding of pathophysiology and clinical presentation.

Main Results:

  • Post-traumatic BPPV may result from direct inner ear injury or vascular issues.
  • These cases often present with prolonged symptoms and resistance to treatment compared to idiopathic BPPV.
  • Concurrent vestibular conditions can complicate diagnosis and management.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the TBI-BPPV link is vital for clinical decision-making.
  • Prompt identification and tailored management improve outcomes for patients with post-traumatic vestibular dysfunction.
  • A multidisciplinary strategy is essential for effective rehabilitation.