Intradural extramedullary eosinophilic granuloma of the spine with emergency presentation: A case report

Intradural extramedullary spinal eosinophilic granuloma is a very unusual manifestation of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH) that is typically misdiagnosed due to its nonspecific clinical and radiological features.

We report a case of a 22-year-old female patient who presented with acute onset paraplegia. The magnetic resonance imaging was initially suggestive of tuberculoma, which is prevalent in tuberculosis-endemic regions. Intraoperative findings and histopathology, however, established the diagnosis of LCH. The lesion was intradural, and CD1a and S-100 protein staining demonstrated classic Langerhans cells.

The paper stresses the need for a multidisciplinary team in the proper diagnosis and handling of spinal LCH. Further research is needed to develop optimal management protocols for this rare condition.