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Related Concept Videos

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Quarrying of Stone

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Quarrying is the process of extracting stone from a quarry, where specialized techniques are employed to remove large blocks of stone safely and efficiently. This process can involve controlled explosions or more precision-oriented methods such as cutting and drilling.
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Design Consideration01:22

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Designing a structure involves a series of considerations, primarily the material's ultimate strength, calculated through tests that measure changes under increased force until the material reaches its breaking point or limit. The ultimate load, where the material breaks, is divided by its original cross-sectional area, resulting in the ultimate normal stress or strength. The ultimate shearing stress is another significant factor taken into account.
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Scaled hydraulic models of dam spillways provide a practical way to replicate and study the intricate flow dynamics of these structures. Often built to a 1:15 ratio, these models allow for observing critical water behavior, such as velocity distribution, flow patterns, and energy dissipation.
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Design Example: Maintaining Level of an Embankment01:19

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Constructing a roadway embankment over uneven terrain requires precise leveling to ensure stability and proper drainage. Surveyors use a leveling instrument and staff to calculate ground elevations and determine the required fill material at each point along the embankment alignment.The process begins by positioning a leveling instrument near a benchmark with a known elevation. A backsight reading establishes the instrument height, which serves as a reference for subsequent measurements. A...
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Parametric survival analysis models survival data by assuming a specific probability distribution for the time until an event occurs. The Weibull and exponential distributions are two of the most commonly used methods in this context, due to their versatility and relatively straightforward application.
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Mechanistic models play a crucial role in algorithms for numerical problem-solving, particularly in nonlinear mixed effects modeling (NMEM). These models aim to minimize specific objective functions by evaluating various parameter estimates, leading to the development of systematic algorithms. In some cases, linearization techniques approximate the model using linear equations.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2025

An R-Based Landscape Validation of a Competing Risk Model
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A Risk-Based Pillar Design Approach Combining Stochastic Continuous and Discontinuous Modeling in an Underground

Juan J Monsalve1, Aman Soni1, Richard Bishop1

  • 1Mining and Minerals Engineering Department, Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, USA.

Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration
|April 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mine pillar design should shift from deterministic safety factors to a risk-based approach. This study introduces a framework using stochastic modeling to estimate pillar failure probability, enhancing mine safety and preventing collapses.

Keywords:
DesignDiscrete element modelingLiDARPillarRiskStochasticUncertainty

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Area of Science:

  • Mining Engineering
  • Geotechnical Engineering
  • Risk Management

Background:

  • Mine pillar collapse is a high-consequence, though low-probability, event.
  • Traditional deterministic design methods (factor-of-safety) do not adequately address the risks.
  • A risk-based approach is necessary for robust mine pillar design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel risk-based framework for mine pillar design.
  • To integrate discontinuity effects and stress variability into pillar strength estimation.
  • To enable probability of failure calculations for improved mine safety.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of stochastic discrete element modeling (DEM) for pillar strength.
  • Stochastic continuous modeling for pillar stress determination.
  • Reliability analysis to combine strength and stress estimations for failure probability.

Main Results:

  • The framework successfully estimated the probability of pillar failure in a stone mine.
  • Numerical modeling results were validated using LiDAR and photogrammetric surveys.
  • The approach quantifies uncertainty and provides decision-making tools for designers.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed risk-based design framework enhances mine safety by preventing pillar collapses.
  • It integrates pillar design into the broader risk analysis of mining operations.
  • This methodology reduces uncertainty in pillar design, leading to safer mining practices.