Achieving >23% Efficiency Perovskite Solar Minimodules with Surface Conductive Coordination Polymer

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Renewable Energy
• Photovoltaics

Background:

• Commercialization of perovskite photovoltaics is hindered by low efficiency in large-area modules.
• Voltage losses in polycrystalline perovskite films limit power conversion efficiency, especially in multi-series connected modules.
• Improving surface/interface conductivity and carrier transport is crucial for high-performance perovskite solar modules (PSMs).

Purpose of the Study:

• To decrease photovoltage loss in perovskite solar modules (PSMs) through surface/interface modulation.
• To enhance the surface conductivity of perovskite films for improved device performance.
• To investigate the potential of coordination polymers for boosting PSM efficiency and stability.

Main Methods:

• Post-treatment of perovskite films with meso-tetra pyridine porphyrin.
• Formation of a 2D coordination polymer via reaction between PbI2 and pyridine units.
• Characterization of layered surface conductivity and device performance.

Main Results:

• Achieved a layered surface conductivity as high as 1.14 × 10^2 S m^-1.
• Demonstrated significantly increased surface/interface conductivity in modified perovskite films.
• The champion PSM reached a record efficiency of 23.39% (certified 22.63% over 11.42 cm^2) with minimal voltage loss (0.33 V).

Conclusions:

• Surface modulation with a conductive coordination polymer effectively reduces photovoltage loss in PSMs.
• The developed method enhances both efficiency and operational stability of large-area perovskite solar modules.
• This approach offers a promising pathway for the commercialization of high-performance perovskite photovoltaics.