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Factors associated with feeding problems in bottle-fed preterm infants: A descriptive cross-sectional study

Duygu Gözen1,2, Burcu Aykanat Girgin3, Britt Frisk Pados4

  • 1School of Nursing, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Nutrition in Clinical Practice : Official Publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
|April 10, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Preterm infants, especially those born very or moderately preterm, experience significant bottle-feeding problems. Gastroesophageal reflux and diagnosed feeding disorders are key predictors of these difficulties.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal care
  • Pediatric nutrition
  • Infant feeding

Background:

  • Feeding problems in preterm infants often continue post-discharge from neonatal intensive care.
  • Understanding these persistent challenges is crucial for supporting vulnerable infants.
  • This study focuses on identifying infant-specific factors related to bottle-feeding issues in preterm infants under seven months corrected age.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify infant-related factors associated with bottle-feeding problems in preterm infants.
  • To provide evidence for better support and interventions for preterm infants experiencing feeding difficulties.
  • To analyze the relationship between prematurity, feeding issues, and specific medical conditions.

Main Methods:

  • A descriptive, cross-sectional study involving 338 mothers of preterm infants (under 7 months corrected age).
  • Data collected via a survey including infant and mother information.
  • Utilized the Turkish version of the NeoEAT-Bottle-feeding assessment tool to evaluate feeding problems.

Main Results:

  • Very and moderately preterm infants showed more feeding problems than late preterm infants.
  • Lower gestational age at birth correlated with increased bottle-feeding difficulties.
  • Diagnosed feeding problems and gastroesophageal reflux were significant predictors of severe feeding issues.

Conclusions:

  • Very preterm birth, moderate preterm birth, gastroesophageal reflux, and diagnosed feeding disorders are linked to problematic bottle-feeding.
  • Early identification of bottle-feeding difficulties in preterm infants is essential.
  • This identification can guide timely interventions and specialist referrals for improved long-term outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
bottle feedingchildhood eating and feeding disordersfeeding behaviorinfantintensive careneonatalpremature

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