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The Continuum of Environmental Effects on Preterm Speech and Language Development and Outcomes
Julia Mayne1,2, Betty Vohr1,2
1Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI; and.
Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics : JDBP
|April 10, 2025
Summary
Preterm infants often face speech and language delays, influenced by biological and environmental factors. Early, language-rich interventions in the NICU and home are crucial for long-term language development.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Pediatrics
- Speech-Language Pathology
- Neonatal Care
Background:
- Preterm birth is associated with persistent speech and language challenges.
- Understanding risk factors is key to addressing long-term language impairment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine speech and language trajectories in preterm infants from infancy to adulthood.
- To identify risk factors and evaluate intervention efficacy for preterm infants' language development.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on speech and language outcomes in preterm infants.
- Analysis of studies covering infancy through adulthood.
Main Results:
- Speech and language delays are common in preterm infants, persisting into adulthood.
- Biological and socioenvironmental factors significantly impact language outcomes.
- In-utero, NICU, and home language experiences are critical for development.
Conclusions:
- Clinicians must recognize the need for early language interventions.
- Promoting language-rich environments in NICU and home settings is vital.
- Partnerships between parents, professionals, and communities can foster language development.
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