What drives the adoption of a technology? An analysis of the implementation of Nereda®

Understanding the factors influencing the adoption of wastewater treatment technologies is crucial for achieving cost-effective operations, efficient organic matter removal, and compliance with regulatory standards. However, the decision-making process has become increasingly complex due to the wide range of available technologies. In this context, this study aimed to identify the socioeconomic factors that influence the adoption of Nereda® technology in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Data on the number of Nereda® WWTPs worldwide were collected alongside information on discharge parameters and indicators related to economic development, innovation, research and development, sanitation, environmental conditions, population, land use, and social factors. This information was analysed using Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Pearson's Correlation Test. The results revealed that countries with higher GDP per capita and greater integration into global trade are more likely to adopt Nereda® technology, with economic and political cooperation facilitating innovation in wastewater treatment solutions. Additionally, the implementation of national and international databases can support decision-making for policymakers and plant managers.