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Current update on pharmacological strategies of penile cancer

Sameer S Deshmukh1, Kaustubh S Chaudhari2, Arnab Basu1

  • 1Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center at UAB, Birmingham, AL, USA.

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy
|April 10, 2025
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Penile cancer, an orphan malignancy, faces research challenges due to low incidence. Novel treatments like immunotherapy and targeted therapies show promise for advanced disease.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Medical Research

Background:

  • Penile cancer is an orphan malignancy with low incidence, complicating research and therapeutic development.
  • Limited understanding of its molecular biology and genetic landscape hinders effective treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolution of penile cancer treatment modalities.
  • To highlight recent advancements in immunotherapy and targeted therapies for penile cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of penile cancer treatment evolution.
  • Analysis of emerging therapeutic approaches including immunotherapy and targeted agents.

Main Results:

  • Treatment has evolved from traditional surgery and radiation to novel approaches.
  • Immunotherapy, adoptive T-cell therapies (ATCT), anti-angiogenic agents, Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs), and Bispecific Antibodies (BsAbs) represent significant advancements.
  • Combination of immunotherapy and targeted therapy shows promise in advanced or metastatic penile cancer.

Conclusions:

  • Novel therapeutic strategies, particularly immunotherapy and targeted therapy, offer hope for penile cancer patients.
  • Further research is essential to optimize these advanced treatments for improved patient outcomes.
Keywords:
HPVPenile cancerantibody drug conjugatesbispecific antibodieshuman papilloma virusimmunotherapypenile neoplasmstargeted therapy

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