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Barriers and facilitators in implementing evidence-based practice: a parallel cross-sectional mixed methods study
Nourah Alsadaan1, Osama Mohamed Elsayed Ramadan2
1College of Nursing, Nursing Administration and Education Department, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72388, Saudi Arabia. naalsadan@ju.edu.sa.
Background:
Evidence-based practice (EBP) is a cornerstone of quality healthcare, yet a significant gap persists between nursing administrators' advocacy for EBP and its clinical adoption, particularly in resource-constrained settings.
Aim:
This study investigates barriers and facilitators to EBP adoption as perceived by nursing administrators in Saudi Arabian hospitals to inform tailored interventions.
Design:
A parallel mixed-method, cross-sectional design was employed.
Methods:
A total of 385 nursing administrators from 12 stratified hospital types in the Northern Region of Saudi Arabia completed structured surveys assessing EBP barriers and facilitators. Semi-structured interviews with 40 purposively sampled participants provided qualitative insights. Data were analyzed using descriptive, correlational, and thematic approaches.
Results:
Key barriers included insufficient staffing and time resources, particularly in private and specialized hospitals (mean = 4.05, SD = 1.46, p < 0.05). Supportive organizational policies (p = 0.015) and leadership experience significantly influenced EBP adoption. Barriers, such as resource constraints, were negatively correlated with willingness to adopt EBP (r = -0.17 to -0.35), while multifaceted strategies explained 27% of the variance in implementation intentions. Qualitative findings highlighted that 92% prioritized patient care quality, while 80% emphasized cost-benefit trade-offs.
Conclusion:
This study highlights the critical role of organizational support, leadership advocacy, and tailored interventions in overcoming EBP barriers. Gender diversity among administrators and the influence of hierarchical dynamics in Saudi Arabian healthcare settings provide novel insights for improving EBP adoption.
Implications For The Profession:
The findings provide actionable strategies for policymakers and nursing leaders to enhance EBP adoption, fostering improved healthcare outcomes and leadership effectiveness.
Clinical Trial Number:
Not applicable.
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