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Related Concept Videos

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Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
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The kidneys are two large bean-shaped organs located in the upper abdomen. They filter the blood several times a day to remove toxins and rebalance water and electrolytes of the circulatory system via the renal veins. The kidneys receive blood directly from the heart via the renal arteries. These arteries enter the kidney at the hilum, the concave surface of the bean, where they branch and divide into smaller vessels and capillaries.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2025

In Vivo, Percutaneous, Needle Based, Optical Coherence Tomography of Renal Masses
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Associations of Patient Age, Tumor Nephrectomy Weight, and Tumor Diameter with Event-Free and Overall Survival in

Lindsay A Renfro1, Kelly L Vallance2, Ian C Tfirn3

  • 1Division of Biostatistics, University of Southern California and Children's Oncology Group, Los Angeles, CA.

Annals of Surgery
|April 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Age, tumor size, and weight are prognostic in early stage Wilms tumors, but lose significance when accounting for tumor biology and patient age. Further studies will validate these findings for favorable histology Wilms tumors (FHWT).

Keywords:
age, tumor nephrectomy weightfavorable histology Wilms tumorprognostic factorstumor diameter

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Cancer Prognostics
  • Wilms Tumor Research

Background:

  • Children with stage I favorable histology Wilms tumor (FHWT) are risk-stratified using patient age and tumor nephrectomy weight (TNW).
  • These factors influence chemotherapy decisions in Children's Oncology Group (COG) studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if age, TNW, or tumor diameter (TD) are continuous prognostic variables for outcomes in early stage FHWT.
  • To assess these factors after accounting for tumor biology and treatment variations.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of stage I and II FHWT patients treated with nephrectomy or chemotherapy on COG trials.
  • Utilized restricted cubic splines models to evaluate the stage-specific effects of age, TNW, and TD on event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS).

Main Results:

  • Age was not significantly associated with EFS or OS in stage I or II FHWT after accounting for adverse biology prevalent in older children.
  • Increased TNW and TD correlated with higher relapse risk in stage I and mortality risk in stage II FHWT, except in patients under 4 years old.

Conclusions:

  • While age, TNW, and TD show prognostic value in some FHWT cohorts, they are not independently prognostic once adverse biology associated with older age is considered.
  • Future COG FHWT studies will incorporate and validate these prognostic insights.