Opportunities for Nanomaterials in Stretchable and Free-Form Displays

Stretchable and free-form displays receive significant attention as they hold immense potential for revolutionizing future display technologies. These displays are designed to conform to irregular surfaces and endure mechanical strains, making them well suited for applications in wearable electronics, biomedical devices, and interactive displays. Traditional light-emitting devices typically employ brittle inorganic and metallic materials, which are not conducive to stretchability. However, replacing these nonflexible components with flexible/stretchable nanomaterials, soft organic materials, or their composites improves the overall flexibility and stretchability of devices. In this review, the roles and opportunities of nanomaterials, such as thin films, 1D nanofibrous materials, and micro/nanoparticles, are highlighted for enhancing the stretchability and overall performance of various types of light-emitting devices. By leveraging the unique mechanical and electrical properties of nanomaterials, various efforts emerge to push the boundaries of stretchable display technologies and further realize their full potential for diverse applications.