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Related Experiment Video

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Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

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Published on: March 20, 2017

Optical phased array receiver with mode diversity and coherent combination.

Enge Zhang¹, Lei Zhang¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications & School of Integrated Circuits, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)

|April 11, 2025

Summary

This study enhances optical phased array (OPA) receivers by using mode diversity to significantly expand the field of view (FOV) for applications in LiDAR and free-space optical communications.

Keywords:

multimode optical phased array silicon photonics

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Area of Science:

Photonics and Optical Engineering
Solid-state beam steering technologies
Advanced optical communication systems

Background:

Optical phased arrays (OPAs) are crucial for low-cost, solid-state beam steering in LiDAR and free-space optical (FSO) communications.
Field of view (FOV) is a key performance metric for both transmitting (Tx) and receiving (Rx) OPAs.
Current Rx OPA designs often assume reciprocity with Tx OPAs, failing to account for the complex incident wave conditions encountered by receivers.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate that mode diversity can expand the FOV and enhance the receiving efficiency of Rx OPAs.
To introduce an efficient method for utilizing collected photons for coherent detection in LiDAR and FSO systems.
To overcome the limitations of traditional OPA receiver designs that struggle with beams of varying amplitudes.

Main Methods:

Leveraging mode diversity in Rx OPAs, irrespective of antenna type.
Introducing an inversely designed mode splitter-converter and a coherent combination architecture.
Designing and fabricating an 8-channel edge-emitting OPA receiver operating in TE0 and TE1 modes with a sparse array to suppress grating lobes.

Main Results:

Achieved a 133° FOV for the multimode OPA receiver.
Demonstrated superior performance compared to a single-mode OPA receiver with the same array, which had a 49° FOV.
Successfully handled beams with varying amplitudes using the proposed coherent combination architecture.

Conclusions:

Mode diversity offers a significant advantage for Rx OPA performance, expanding the FOV beyond single-mode capabilities.
The proposed approach, integrating mode diversity and coherent combination, introduces higher-order spatial modes as a new design parameter for OPA receivers.
This advancement has the potential to significantly improve the design and capabilities of OPA receivers for LiDAR and FSO applications.