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A Bioengineered Stable Protein 1-Hemin Complex with Enhanced Peroxidase-Like Catalytic Properties.

Yara Zeibaq¹, Oren Bachar¹, Jenia Sklyar²

¹Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel.

|April 11, 2025

Summary

Researchers developed a novel enzyme-mimicking platform using stable protein 1 (SP1) to create a nano-compartment with peroxidase activity. This biohybrid shows enhanced catalytic activity and stability, paving the way for new artificial catalysts.

Keywords:

artificial enzyme biocatalysis glucose biosensing peroxidase stable protein 1

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Area of Science:

Biocatalysis
Protein Engineering
Biosensing

Background:

Enzymes evolved efficient catalytic activity through active site optimization.
Mimicking natural enzymes is a key goal in developing artificial catalysts.
Peroxidase activity is crucial for various biochemical reactions and biosensing applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To design a novel enzyme-mimicking platform with peroxidase activity using a stable protein scaffold.
To evaluate the catalytic activity and stability of the designed biohybrid compared to natural enzymes and cofactors.
To demonstrate the utility of the biohybrid in an optical glucose biosensing platform.

Main Methods:

Engineered a nano-compartment using stable protein 1 (SP1) to mimic peroxidase activity.
Incorporated a hemin cofactor into the SP1 scaffold to create a biohybrid.
Assessed the biohybrid's activity and stability in organic solvents.
Determined the crystallographic structure of the biohybrid.
Utilized the biohybrid in an optical glucose biosensing setup.

Main Results:

The novel biohybrid exhibited enhanced peroxidase activity compared to the hemin cofactor alone.
The biohybrid demonstrated improved stability in organic solvents relative to native peroxidase.
Crystallographic analysis confirmed that the SP1 structure remained unaffected by hemin coordination.
The biohybrid was successfully applied in an optical glucose biosensing platform.

Conclusions:

The developed SP1-based biohybrid effectively mimics peroxidase activity with superior performance and stability.
Engineered protein scaffolds offer a promising avenue for creating artificial catalytic centers.
This work facilitates the development of advanced biohybrid catalysts for diverse applications, including biosensing.