Multiplexed Single-Cell Rheology Probing Using Surface Acoustic Waves

Area of Science:

• Biophysics
• Cellular Mechanics
• Microfluidics

Background:

• Cellular rheology is crucial for cell function and status.
• Probing rheology in adherent cells with high control is challenging.
• Existing methods lack multiplexing and precise manipulation capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a highly controllable, multiplexed method for single-cell rheology.
• To investigate the viscoelastic properties of adherent cells.
• To explore cellular biomechanics at the micro and sub-cellular levels.

Main Methods:

• Utilized a surface acoustic wave (SAW) device integrated into a microfluidic chamber.
• Employed cell-anchored microbeads to concentrate acoustic energy for cell deformation.
• Developed strategies for precise microbead placement on the cell membrane.
• Applied power-law rheological models to analyze creep and relaxation responses.

Main Results:

• Successfully performed over 400 multiplexed rheology measurements on adherent cells.
• Observed a wide range of viscoelastic behaviors, exceeding previously reported dynamics.
• Detected unexpected negative plastic compliance in cellular responses.
• Demonstrated high controllability and precision in cell deformation.

Conclusions:

• The SAW-based method enables in-depth investigation of cellular biomechanics.
• The findings expand the understanding of adherent cell rheology.
• This technique holds potential for regulating cell function through mechanical forces.