Future horizons in diabetes: integrating AI and personalized care

Diabetes is a global health crisis with rising incidence, mortality, and economic burden. Traditional markers like HbA1c are insufficient for capturing short-term glycemic fluctuations, leading to the need for more precise metrics such as Glucose Variability (GV) and Time in Range (TIR). Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) and AI integration offer real-time data analytics and personalized treatment plans, enhancing glycemic control and reducing complications. The combination of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) with artificial Intelligence (AI) further optimizes glucose regulation and addresses comorbidities. Empowering patients through AI-driven self-management and community support is crucial for sustainable improvements. Future horizons in diabetes care must focus on overcoming challenges in data privacy, algorithmic bias, device interoperability, and equity in AI-driven care while integrating these innovations into healthcare systems to improve patient outcomes and quality of life.