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Investigation of Lipid Profile in Patients with Cerebrovascular Diseases: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Fatemeh Heydari1, Mahboobeh Tajvidi2, Seyed Mohammad Mohammadi3

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.

Advanced Biomedical Research
|April 11, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Higher total cholesterol levels are linked to an increased risk of stroke, according to a meta-analysis. However, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and triglyceride levels showed no significant association with stroke incidence.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Cerebrovascular diseases, including ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, stem from issues within the brain's blood vessels.
  • Existing research on the association between serum lipid profiles and stroke outcomes presents conflicting findings.
  • A comprehensive review and meta-analysis are needed to clarify the relationship between plasma lipid profiles and cerebrovascular disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the association between plasma lipid profiles and cerebrovascular disease.
  • To synthesize evidence from existing studies to determine the impact of total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglyceride levels on stroke risk.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis adhering to PRISMA 2021 guidelines.
  • Extensive literature search across Medline, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase databases for studies published up to June 2021.
  • Inclusion of 36 studies from an initial pool of 24,346 identified studies, with statistical analysis using odds ratios and Egger's test for publication bias.

Main Results:

  • The meta-analysis revealed an odds ratio of 1.12 (95% CI: 1.02-1.22) for total cholesterol, indicating an increased stroke risk with higher levels.
  • No significant correlation was found between stroke incidence and varying levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (OR: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.98-1.07), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (OR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.93-1.02), or triglycerides (OR: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.97-1.04).
  • Egger's test indicated no noteworthy publication bias (coefficient: -0.26, P: 0.919).

Conclusions:

  • Increased total cholesterol levels are associated with a higher risk of cerebrovascular disease.
  • Plasma levels of LDL, HDL, and triglycerides do not demonstrate a significant correlation with stroke incidence in this meta-analysis.
  • Further research is warranted to validate these findings and fully elucidate the role of lipid profiles in cerebrovascular disease.

Keywords:
Cholesterolstroketriglycerides

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