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Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
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Atomic spectroscopy is a vital tool in elemental analysis, both qualitatively and quantitatively. It can be broadly divided into optical spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, and X-ray spectroscopy methods. The optical spectroscopic methods are atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), and atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS). The first step in all three methods is atomization, where the solid, liquid, or solution-phase samples are converted into gas-phase atoms and...
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Interference leads to systematic error in atomic absorption (AA) measurements by enhancing or diminishing the analytical signal or the background. These interferences can be grouped into three main categories: spectral interference, chemical interference, and physical interference.
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In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

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Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
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Updated: May 15, 2025

Biological Samples Preparation for Speciation at Cryogenic Temperature using High-Resolution X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy
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Global cross-database search system for X-ray absorption spectra.

Masashi Ishii1, Asahiko Matsuda2, Koichi Sakamoto1

  • 1Center for Basic Research on Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan.

Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
|April 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary

A new system enables cross-searching of global X-ray absorption spectroscopy databases. This data integration advances scientific understanding by unifying vocabulary and knowledge across international repositories.

Keywords:
International XAFS DB portalcross-database searchontologysemanticsterminology

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Area of Science:

  • Scientific data management
  • Spectroscopy
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Increasing demand for systematic scientific data overview and integration.
  • Growing importance of data capitalization and confidentiality.
  • X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) has a strong tradition of data sharing to enhance spectral understanding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the impracticality of physically integrating diverse databases.
  • To develop a system for cross-searching international XAS databases.
  • To explore concepts of terminology, ontology, and semantics for global data integration.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a cyberspace system for cross-database searching.
  • Implementation of 'vocabulary unification' and 'knowledge unification' on a global scale.
  • Utilizing publicly accessible endpoints for data access.

Main Results:

  • Successful development of a system allowing cross-searching among Japanese, USA, and European XAS databases.
  • Demonstration of global vocabulary and knowledge unification.
  • Pilot case study presented for data integration in synchrotron radiation science.

Conclusions:

  • Global data integration in X-ray spectroscopy is achievable through unified terminology and knowledge.
  • The developed system facilitates enhanced understanding of spectral data.
  • Future directions for data integration in synchrotron radiation science are outlined.