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The origin of sound damping in amorphous solids: Defects and beyond
Elijah Flenner1, Grzegorz Szamel1
1Chemistry Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
Science Advances
|April 11, 2025
Summary
Sound damping in glasses is better understood by identifying particle-level defects. Even in defect-free glasses, non-affine forces contribute to sound attenuation, revealing a new paradigm for sound damping in glasses.
Area of Science:
- Condensed matter physics
- Materials science
- Acoustics
Background:
- Sound damping is crucial for understanding anomalous low-temperature properties of glasses.
- Rayleigh scaling of sound attenuation with frequency has been widely accepted, suggesting scattering from defects.
- Defining glass defects has remained a challenge.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define glass defects using particle-level contributions to sound damping.
- To investigate sound damping mechanisms in both stable and ultrastable glasses.
- To propose a new paradigm for sound attenuation in glasses.
Main Methods:
- Analyzing particle-level contributions to sound damping to identify defect regions.
- Correlating sound damping with the fraction of particles within identified defects.
- Examining sound attenuation in ultrastable glasses lacking traditional defects.
Main Results:
- Sound damping scales linearly with the fraction of particles in defects across a range of glass stability.
- Ultrastable glasses, despite lacking identifiable defects, exhibit sound attenuation.
- Sound attenuation in defect-free glasses is attributed to uniformly distributed non-affine forces post-deformation.
Conclusions:
- A new definition of glass defects is established based on particle-level sound damping contributions.
- Sound attenuation in glasses arises from both localized defects and a defect-free background.
- A dual-component model, including defects and non-affine forces, is necessary to fully explain sound damping in glasses.
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