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Psychological distress as a risk factor for incident cardiometabolic disease and multimorbidity in the

Safak Caglayan1, Ole K Grønli2, Anne Høye2

  • 1Division of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.

Preventive Medicine
|April 11, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Psychological distress is an independent risk factor for cardiometabolic disease and multimorbidity. This study highlights the importance of mental health in preventing these conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Psychiatry
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Psychological distress is increasingly recognized for its impact on physical health.
  • Its independent role in cardiometabolic disease and multimorbidity requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between psychological distress and the incidence of cardiometabolic disease and multimorbidity.
  • To determine if psychological distress is an independent risk factor.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study using data from the Tromsø Study (2007-2016).
  • Included 5264 individuals free of cardiometabolic diseases at baseline.
  • Utilized the Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL-10) to assess psychological distress.
  • Multivariable logistic regression models were employed.

Main Results:

  • Psychological distress was present in 6.2% of participants at baseline.
  • Psychological distress was significantly associated with increased incidence of cardiometabolic disease (OR, 2.08) and multimorbidity (OR, 2.32).
  • Specific associations were found with incident atrial fibrillation, diabetes, and hypertension.

Conclusions:

  • Psychological distress is an independent risk factor for developing cardiometabolic disease and multimorbidity.
  • Mental health screening and interventions may be crucial for cardiovascular and metabolic health.
  • Feeling hopeless was linked to specific cardiovascular conditions.
Abstract

Keywords:
Cardiometabolic diseaseCardiometabolic multimorbidityHopkins symptom checklistMental healthPrimary carePsychological distress

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