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Utilizing nonphysician health care professionals and complementary vaccination sites to increase vaccination rates: A
Background:
Expanding health care providers (HCPs) who can administer vaccines including nonphysician health professionals (NPHPs) (a registered nurse [RN]/licensed practical nurse [LPN], pharmacist, medical assistant, pharmacy technician, or dentist), along with the broader use of complementary vaccination sites, could improve vaccine access and uptake.
Objective:
We investigated the attitudes and perceptions of vaccination stakeholders, including adults and HCPs, regarding leveraging NPHPs and complementary sites to improve vaccination access and uptake.
Methods:
A cross-sectional quantitative online survey was administered in July 2021 to 181 HCPs and 100 US adults. Respondents were asked about challenges faced while delivering or receiving vaccines, interventions that might increase vaccination uptake, and the likelihood that individuals would go to NPHPs for vaccinations or would use a complementary vaccination site.
Results:
The top challenge reported by HCPs in vaccine delivery was patient receptiveness (62.4%), whereas the top challenge in vaccine receipt was patients' perception that a vaccine was not safe or effective (selected by 81.2% of HCPs, 65.0% of adults). Top interventions were patient or community incentives (selected by 52.5% of HCPs) and recommendations by the HCP (selected by 28.0% of adults). Adults rated their overall likelihood of receiving vaccination from an NPHP as 5.1 (standard deviation [SD] 1.7) on the 7-point scale. HCPs rated their patients' comfort level and adults rated their own comfort level with receiving a vaccine from an NPHP highest for RNs/LPNs (6.0 and 5.7, respectively), followed by pharmacists (5.7 and 5.2), medical assistants (5.0 and 5.2), pharmacy technicians (4.2 and 4.7), and dentists (3.7 and 4.1). The likelihood of vaccination at a complementary site was rated as 5.4 (SD 1.4) by HCPs and 4.9 (SD 1.8) by adults.
Conclusion:
U.S. adults are generally comfortable with receiving vaccines from NPHPs and at complementary sites. Education regarding the safety and effectiveness of vaccines remains essential.
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