The Role of Axial Length and Intraocular Pressure in the Follow-Up of Growing Children with Primary Congenital

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Updated: May 14, 2025

Translaminar Autonomous System Model for the Modulation of Intraocular and Intracranial Pressure in Human Donor Posterior Segments
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Translaminar Autonomous System Model for the Modulation of Intraocular and Intracranial Pressure in Human Donor Posterior Segments

Published on: April 24, 2020

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Rosa Longo1, Elia Franzolin1, Elena Gusson1

  • 1Ophthalmic Unit, Department of Surgical Odontostomatological Maternal and Child Sciences, Integrated University Hospital of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|April 12, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Ocular growth in children with primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) is influenced by age, intraocular pressure (IOP), and treatment intensity. Early IOP control is vital to prevent long-term ocular damage.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatric Glaucoma Research
  • Ocular Development

Background:

  • Primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) is a severe condition affecting infants.
  • Understanding factors influencing ocular growth is critical for managing PCG.
  • Previous studies (e.g., Al-Obaida et al.) provide a basis for analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate factors affecting ocular growth in surgically treated PCG patients.
  • To validate findings from previous research in a Caucasian population.
  • To identify key determinants of axial length (AxL) progression in pediatric glaucoma.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of PCG patient data.
  • Recorded and analyzed axial length (AxL), intraocular pressure (IOP), and corneal diameter.
  • Utilized a methodology similar to Al-Obaida et al. for comparative analysis.

Main Results:

  • Patient age significantly impacts the increase in axial length (AxL).
  • Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), number of glaucoma medications, and surgeries significantly influence AxL progression.
  • A curvilinear relationship between AxL and age was observed in PCG patients.

Conclusions:

  • Axial length progression in PCG is multifactorial, influenced by IOP, gender, surgical interventions, and medication burden.
  • Maintaining age-appropriate IOP levels, especially within the first three years of life, is crucial.
  • Early and effective IOP management is essential to prevent irreversible ocular damage in PCG.

Keywords:
axial lengthcongenital glaucomaeye anatomyglaucoma surgeryinfantile glaucomaintraocular pressureprimary congenital glaucomavisual acuity

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