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Predictive Potential of Contrast-Enhanced MRI-Based Delta-Radiomics for Chemoradiation Responsiveness in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer

  • 0Department of Urology, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan.
Diagnostics (basel, Switzerland) +

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April 12, 2025

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April 12, 2025

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Delta-radiomics analysis of MRI scans can predict treatment response in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). This method, using contrast-enhanced and non-contrast-enhanced images, shows promise for personalized chemoradiotherapy (CRT) strategies.

Area Of Science

  • Radiology
  • Oncology
  • Medical Imaging Analysis

Background

  • Delta-radiomics analyzes feature variations across different time-points.
  • Predicting therapeutic response to chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is crucial for treatment planning.
  • Contrast-enhanced (CE) and non-contrast-enhanced (NE) T1-weighted images (WI) offer distinct information for analysis.

Purpose Of The Study

  • To assess the utility of delta-radiomics feature analysis in predicting CRT response in MIBC patients.
  • To compare the predictive performance of delta-radiomics models with traditional radiomics models using CE-T1WI alone.

Main Methods

  • Retrospective review of 43 non-metastatic MIBC patients undergoing cystectomy after induction CRT.
  • Texture analysis of pre-therapeutic 1.5-T MRI using LIFEx software.
  • Construction of predictive models using 112 delta-radiomics features and machine learning algorithms, including Extreme Gradient Boosting.

Main Results

  • 21 patients (49%) achieved pathological complete response (pCR).
  • The best delta-radiomics model achieved an AUC of 0.85 (95% CI: 0.75-0.95) using four signal intensity-based features.
  • Delta-radiomics significantly outperformed the best CE-T1WI radiomics model (AUC: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.50-0.75).

Conclusions

  • Delta-radiomics applied to pre-therapeutic CE- and NE-MRI shows promising predictive ability for CRT responsiveness in MIBC.
  • This approach can potentially guide treatment decisions before therapy initiation.
  • Further validation is warranted to integrate this technique into clinical practice.

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