Evolving Transplant Oncology: Evolving Criteria for Better Decision-Making

Area of Science:

• Integrative oncology and transplant medicine focused on hepatobiliary cancers.
• Multidisciplinary approach to gastrointestinal malignancies via transplantation.

Background:

• Liver transplantation (LT) is a key treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
• Evolving diagnostic technologies enhance staging and treatment planning for liver tumors.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review transplant oncology applications in HCC, cholangiocarcinoma, neuroendocrine tumors, and colorectal liver metastases.
• To discuss the evolution of transplant oncology and candidate selection criteria.
• To present emerging aspects like immunotherapy, ctDNA, AI, and novel surgical techniques.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature and established practices in transplant oncology.
• Analysis of diagnostic technology advancements and their impact.
• Discussion on multidisciplinary team roles and selection criteria development.

Main Results:

• Hepatocellular carcinoma is a primary indication for liver transplantation.
• Transplant oncology manages various gastrointestinal malignancies, including cholangiocarcinoma and neuroendocrine tumors.
• Newer criteria and advanced technologies are expanding eligibility and treatment efficacy.

Conclusions:

• Transplant oncology is a rapidly evolving field with significant potential for managing complex liver cancers.
• A multidisciplinary approach and refined selection criteria are crucial for successful outcomes.
• Future directions include integrating immunotherapy, ctDNA, AI, and innovative surgical methods.